251: J Ethnopharmacol
1980 Mar;2(1):19-22
Traditional medicine in health care.
Sayed MD.
The state of research on plants used in traditional
medicine and its development in Egypt is indicated by the number of scientific
institutions devoted to this problem: Universities, the National Research Centre,
the Desert Institute and the Horticulture Department of the Ministry of
Agriculture. Moreover, the use of certain medicinal plants has been
"industrialised', e.g., Ammi visnaga, Cymbopogon proximus, Nigella sativa
and Aloe vera. Other plants are under investigation: Urginea maritima,
Phytolacca americana and Euphorbia sp. (known for its claimed antitumour
properties), Glycyrrhiza glabra, Cynara scolymus and Solanum laciniatum.
252:
Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1980
Mar;176(3):469-71
[The effect of the sap of
Euphorbiaceae on the eye]
[Article in German]
Lisch K.
Ocular inflammations caused by the latex of
euphorbiaceae manifest themselves as lid swelling, severe conjunctivitis,
keratitis and iritis with hypopyon. As therapy, the local application of
corticosteroids is recommended. In severely affected cases intravenous
injections of Sandosten-Calcium and Solu-Dacortin (Merck) are indicated. The
caustic effect of euphorbia cyparissias is caused by phorbol acid and phorbol
acid ester. On the Canary Islands, the latex of euphorbiaceae is quickly
removed by drop application of the sap of aeonium lindleyi, family
crassulaceae. In the past, the sap of sempervivum tectorum which also belongs
to the crassulaceae, was used as a household remedy for ocular inflammations.
253: Planta Med
1980 Feb;38(2):151-4
Screening of euphorbia from
Azarbaijan for skin irritant activity and for diterpenes.
Upadhyay RR, Bakhtavar F, Mohseni H, Sater AM, Saleh
N, Tafazuli A, Dizaji FN,
Mohaddes G.
254: Toxicon 1980;18(2):165-74
Inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosporylation
by 4-deoxyphorbol triester, a poisonous constituent of the latex sap of
Euphorbia biglandulosa Desf.
Noack EA, Crea AE, Falsone G.
255: Experientia
1979 Oct 15;35(10):1328-9
Gibberellins and the break of bud
dormancy in virus-infected stem cuttings of Euphorbia pulcherrima.
Nath S, Mandahar CL, Gulati A.
Break in bud dormancy in virus-infected stem cuttings
of Euphorbia pulcherrima occurs because of the higher quantity of gibberellins
present in them than in healthy cuttings in the dormant period of the plant.
256: Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1979 Sep;45(3):181-91
The succulent euphorbias of Nigeria.
III. Structure and potency of the aromatic
ester diterpenes of Euphorbia
poissonii Pax.
Evans FJ, Schmidt RJ.
The latex of Euphorbia poissonii was found to contain
irritant aromatic diterpene esters based upon resiniferonol,
12-deoxy-16-hydroxy-phorbol and 12-deoxyphorbol. Four resiniferonol esters,
9,13,14-ortho-phenylacetyl-resiniferonol-20-0-[p-hydroxy-phenylacetate];
9,13,14-orthophenylacetyl-resiniferonol-20-0-[m-methoxy-m'-hydroxy-phenylacetate
]; 9,13,14-orthophenylacetyl-resiniferonol-20-0-acetate and
resiniferonol-14-0-phenylacetate-20-0-[m-methoxy-m'-hydroxy-phenylacetate],
were identified. Two further esters were identified as
12-deoxy-16-0-[2-methylbutyroyl]-phorbol-13-0-phenylacetate-20-0-acetate and
12-deoxy-16-0-[2-methylbutyroyl]-phorbol-13-0-phenylacetate. These compounds
represent the first aromatic esters of this parent diterpene to be obtained
from natural sources. The third group of compounds were identified as
12-deoxyphorbol-13-0-[p-hydroxy-phenylacetate]-20-0-acetate;
12-deoxyphorbol-13-0-[p-acetoxy-phenylacetate]-20-0-acetate;
12-deoxyphorbol-13-0-phenylacetate-20-0-acetate and
12-deoxyphorbol-13-0-phenylacetate. The irritant potency of the ten pure
compounds was obtained using a mouse ear method for assessment of the irritant
dose 50%.
257: Planta Med
1979 Jun;36(2):189-90
Constituents of Egyptian
Euphorbiaceae. VII. Further investigation of the flavonoids of Euphorbia
paralias L.
Rizk AM, Ahmed SS, Diab
MA.
258: Experientia
1979 May 15;35(5):599-600
Specific inhibition of formation of
acid-fastness in mycobacteria by 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid.
Kondo Y, Toida T, Kusano G, Imai J.
3,3'-Di-O-methylellagic acid obtained from Euphorbia
adenochlora selectively inhibited the formation of acid-fastness in
mycobacteria without retardation of their growth. Gross reductions in contents
of wax D, cord factor and free mycolic acids were found in the nonacid-fast
bacilli compared with the normal ones.
259: Farm Zh 1979
May-Jun;(3):28-34
[Antibacterial activity of preparations
from the spurges, Euphorbia seguieriana Neck., E. virgultosa Klok. and E.
semivilliosa Prokh.]
[Article in Ukrainian]
Sobolieva VO, Honcharov OI.
260: Planta Med
1979 Feb;35(2):193-4
Chemical investigation of local
plants. part II. triterpenoids of Euphorbia wallichii Hk.f.
Rishi AK, George V, Kapoor R.
261: Am J Dis Child
1979 Jan;133(1):28-9
Dermatitis after exposure to a garden
plant (Euphorbia myrsinites).
Spoerke DG, Temple AR.
Six pediatric cases of erythematous papulovescicular
skin eruptions were due to exposure to Euphorbia myrsinites. These rashes may
be confused with allergies, infections, or other dermatoses. Symptoms followed
two to eight hours after exposure to the irritant sap, they increased in
severity for an additional 12 hours, and they resolved within three to four
days. No sequelae were noticed. Treatment indicated was pain relief, prevention
of infection, and reduction of swelling.
262: Yao Xue Xue Bao 1979;14(2):91-5
[Studies on the active principles of
Ze-Qi (Euphorbia helioscopia L.), a drug used for chronic bronchitis (I) (author's transl)]
[Article in Chinese]
Ghen Y, Tang ZJ, Jiang FX, Zhang XX, Lao AN.
263: J Nat Prod
1979 Jan-Feb;42(1):112-5
Characterization of an irritant
4-deoxyphorbol diester from Euphorbia tirucalli.
Kinghorn AD.
Latex of Euphorbia tirucalli, collected in Colombia,
yielded 12-O-2Z-4E-octadienoyl-4-deoxyphorbol-13-acetate (1), which exhibited
an irritant potency equivalent to that of the standard irritant,
phorbol-12-tetradecanoate-13-acetate, in a mouse ear test system. The
unsaturated 4-deoxyphorbol diesters recently reported in E. tirucalli grown in
South Africa were not observed in the present study.
264: Rev Bras Pesqui Med Biol 1978 Dec;11(6):345-51
[Molluscicidal properties of the
Euphorbia cotinifolia L (author's transl)]
[Article in Portuguese]
Pereira JP, de Souza CP, Mendes NM.
The hexanic extract from the leaves of Euphorbia
cotinifolia L. has been experimentally used as molluscicide against
Biomphalaria glabrata. The extract was fractionated and the most actives
fractions were those of numbers 6 and 7. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and
LC90 obtained using fraction 6 against adult snails were 1,2 and 2,4 ppm; for
the eggs they were 25,0 and 48,0 ppm. With fraction 7 the lethal concentrations
were 1,4 and 3,4 ppm for adult snails; for newly hatched snails they were 4,8
and 8,0 ppm; for the eggs they were 13,0 and 31,0 ppm. In the field the hexanic
extract was lethal for the snails in concentrations of 20 ppm in stagnant
water. Fractions 6 and 7 were lethal for S. mansoni cercariae and to fish
(Lebistes reticulatus) in concentrations below 10 ppm. For mice the extract did
not display any toxity in concentrations of 600 mg/kg.
265: Zentralbl Bakteriol [Orig A] 1978 Nov;242(1):93-9
A comparative study of antigens of
Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from patients and soil of ornamental plants in
the immunodiffusion test.
Staib F, Folkens U,
Tompak B, Abel T, Thiel D.
The strikingly frequent and constant presence of
Aspergillus fimigatus in the soil of potted ornamental plants kept in private
houses and hospitals has been the reason for studying the antigens of the
strains found from the diagnostic and epidemiological angles. Culture-filtrate
antigens of A. fumigatus strains isolated from the soil of 4 different
ornamental plants, epiphyllum (Epiphyllum truncatum), orange tree (Citrus
sinensis), Alpine rose (Azalea indica) and Christmas flower (Euphorbia
pulcherrima), were compared, in the immunodiffusion test, with antigens of A.
fumigatus strains from aspergillosis patients prepared in an identical way.
When tested against 8 different sera from different aspergillosis patients
there was a good coincidence of results. Control sera from patients suffering
from diseases other than aspergillosis, no false-positive reactions could be
observed. The findings are discussed in respect of diagnosis and epidemiology.
266: Pharmazie
1978 Aug;33(8):540-1
Constituents of Egyptian
Euphorbiaceae. Part 6: phytochemical investigation of Euphorbia geniculata
Jacq. and E. prostrata Ait.
Rizk AM, Hammouda FM, El-Nasr MM, El-Missiry MM.
267: Tumori 1978
Feb 28;64(1):99-102
Cocarcinogenic and irritant factors
of Euphorbia esula L. latex.
Upadhyay RR, Bakhtavar F, Ghaisarzadeh M, Tilabi J.
The latex of (Euphorbia esula) has been found to
contain highly skin irritant and inflammatory ingenol-3delta 2,4,6,8,10 pentene
tetradecanoate and another factor, ingenol-3-dodecanoate, which is less
irritating but which can be responsible for the cocarcinogenic activity
exhibited by the latex preparation in the mice back skin experiment.
268: Farm Zh
1978;(2):89-91
[Comparative study of herbal
infusions of the spurges, Euphorbia seguieriana, E. virgata and E. semivillosa,
obtained by different methods]
[Article in Ukrainian]
Soboleva VO, Chagovets RK, Solon'ko VM.
269: Lloydia 1978
Jan-Feb;41(1):73-5
A note on the isolation and
identification of two pharmacologically active constituents of Euphorbia
pilulifera.
el-Naggar L, Beal JL, Parks LM, Salman KN, Patil P.
270: Toxicon
1978;16(1):51-7
The irritant toxins of Blue Euphorbia
(Euphorbia coerulescens Haw).
Evans FJ.
271: Experientia
1977 Sep 15;33(9):1197-8
Candletoxins A and B, 2 new aromatic
esters of 12-deoxy-16-hydroxy-phorbol, from the irritant latex of Euphoria
poisonii Pax.
Schmidt RJ, Evans FJ.
2 new aromatic esters of 12-deoxy-16-hydroxy-phorbol,
known as candletoxins A and B, were isolated from the irritant latex of
Euphorbia poisonii Pax. Compound A was identified as
12-deoxy-phorbol-13-O-phenylacetate-16-O-alpha-methyl-butyrate-20-acetate, and
compound B was the C-20 desacetyl analogue.
272: Planta Med
1977 Sep;32(2):177-80
Constituents of Egyptian
Euphorbiaceae IV investigation of Euphorbia indica.
Rizk AM, Rimpler H.
273: Experientia
1977 Aug 15;33(8):986-8
New highly irritant euphorbia factors
from latex of Euphorbia tirucalli L.
Furstenberger G, Hecker
E.
From the latex of Euphorbia tirucalli L. growing in
Madagascar, 5 new euphorbia factors were isolated. They were characterized as
13-O-acetyl-12-O-acylphorbol- and 12-O-acetyl-13-O-acylphorbol derivatives
carrying homologous conjugated unsaturated fatty acids as acyl groups.
Furthermore, 2 mixtures of homologous 3-O-acylingenol derivatives are obtained
carrying the same type of unsaturated fatty acids. Due to their highly
unsaturated acyl groups all Euphorbia factors or factor groups isolated are
highly sensitive to autoxidation.
274: Planta Med
1977 Aug;32(1):1-8
Triterpenes in latex of Euphorbia
pulcherrima.
Baas WJ.
275: Pharmazie
1977 Aug-Sep;32(8-9):538
Flavonoids of Euphorbia geniculata
and Euphorbia prostata.
Ismail SI, el-Missiry MM, Hammouda FM, Rizk AM.
276: Pharmazie 1977
Aug-Sep;32(8-9):534-5
Crystalline principles of Euphorbia
terracina L.
Khafagy SM, Salam NA, Mohamed YA, Mahmoud ZF.
277: Anaesth Intensive Care 1977 Feb;5(1):30-5
Historical note: Drumine--a new
Australian local anaesthetic.
Bailey RJ.
An article in the Australiasian Medical Gazette of
October, 1886 indicates the method of extraction, experimentation and therapeutic
application of an active principle, prepared from Euphorbia Drummondii. Further
correspondence is noted, refining the method of extraction, reporting cases,
answering criticisms, and announcing eventually, drumine's commercial
preparation. Despite enthusiastic support, the drug soon disappears from the
therapeutic scene.
278: Planta Med
1976 Oct;30(2):196-7
Irritant constituents of Iranian plants.
Ingenol
from Euphorbia seguieriana.
Upadhyay RR, Zarintan
MH, Ansarin M.
279: Experientia
1976 Sep 15;32(9):1196-7
Tumor promoting constituent of
Euphorbia serrata L. latex.
Upadhyay RR, Ansarin M, Zarintan MH, Shakui P.
Euphorbia serrata latex has initially
ingenol-3-palmitate, which by action of silica gel is converted to ingenol-20-palmitate.
The former is responsible for the irritant and cocarcinogenic activity of the
latex on mouse ear and on mice back skin.
280: Planta Med
1976 Aug;30(1):32-4
Isolation of ingenol from the irritant
and cocarcinogenic latex of Euphorbia seguieriana.
Upadhyay RR, Zarintan
MH, Ansarin M.
281: Med J Aust
1976 Jun 12;1(24):928
Home treatment of basal cell
carcinoma.
Weedon D, Chick J.
The sap of the plant Euphorbia peplus is not uncommonly
used as a home treatment for warts and basal cell carcinomas. This report
documents its successful use on a biopsy-proven basal cell carcinoma.
282: Pharmazie
1976 Jun;31(6):405
Constitutents of Egyptian Euphorbiaceae.
Part 2: Flavonoids of Euphorbia paralias.
Rizk AM, Youssef AM,
Diab MA, Salem HM.
283: Planta Med
1976 May;29(3):301-4
Phytochemical study of Euphorbia
paralias.
Khafagy SM, Gharbo SA, Abdel Salam NA.
284: J Protozool 1976
May;23(2):238-41
Axenic cultivation of Phytomonas
davidi Lafont (Trypanosomatidae), a symbiote of laticiferous plants
(Euphorbiaceae).
Mcghee RB, Postell FJ.
Phytomonas davidi (Trypanosomatidae) originally
discovered by Lafont in 1909 on the island of Mauritius was rediscovered in
Euphorbia cyathophora in Florida. Successful cultures were established in
diphasic medium consisting of duck blood agar and modified Phillips' medium as
overlay. Optimal growth was obtained when Mansour's medium was used as overlay
and poorest growth when Cowperthwaite's medium buffered at pH 5.0 was utilized
for this purpose. Marked changes tending toward choanomastigotes rather than
the elongate twisted promastigotes were observed in cultures.
285:
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1976 Apr
9;101(15):567-70
[Occupational allergy due to
inhalation of pollen from Euphorbia fulgens Karw (author's transl)]
[Article in German]
Hausen BM, Ketels-Harken
H, Schulz KH.
The increased cultivation and sales of Euphorbia
fulgens Karw., originating in Mexico, has in the last few years led to
occupational allergy, type I, in three growers manifesting itself as nasal
disease, tracheobronchitis or bronchial asthma. Intracutaneous tests with
pollen extracts were positive in all cases, even at high dilution. A specific
hyposensitisation regimen, conducted over five months, gave highly promising
results in one patient who had no symptoms in the following season, despite
similar exposure. Such sensitisation by pollens of Euphorbia fulgens Karw. is
probably widespread among growers and florists. The allergen is found only in
the pollen, not in other parts of the plant. There is no relation to the toxic
substances in the milk-sap of this plant family (Euphorbiaceae).
286: Science 1976
Feb 13;191(4227):571-2
Antileukemic principles isolated from
euphorbiaceae plants.
Kupchan SM, Uchida I, Branfman AR, Dailey RG Jr, Fei
BY.
Extracts of Euphorbia esula L. and Croton tiglium L.,
two members of the Euphorbiaceae which have been used widely in folk medicine
for treating cancers, showed antileukemic activity against the P-388
lymphocytic leukemia in mice. Systematic fractionation of the extract of
Euphorbia esula L. led to characterization of a major antileukemic component as
the new diterpenoid diester, ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate. Similar fractionation of
Croton oil led to characterization of phorbol 12-tiglate 13-decanoate as an
active principle.
287: J Ultrastruct Res
1976 Jan;54(1):53-8
Protein bodies in the nucellus of Euphorbia
helioscopia.
Gori P.
288: Planta Med 1975 Dec;28(4):326-35
A biological screen of selected
species of the genus Euphorbia for skin irritant effects.
Kinghorn AD, Evans FJ.
289: Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1975 Nov 25;84(3):325-44
On the active principles of the
spurge family. III. Skin irritant and cocarcinogenic factors from the caper
spurge.
Adolf W, Hecker E.
The toxic and irritant principles of the seed oil and
of the latex of the caper spurge (Euphorbia lathyris L.) were isolated together
with several non irritants of similar chemical structure. From the seed oil two
irritant Euphorbia factors L5 and L6 and from the latex a mixture of irritant
Euphorbia factors were obtained. Euphorbia factor L5 was identified as
3-hexadecanoate of the new tetracyclic, poly-functional diterpene parent
alcohol ingenol. Euphorbia factor L6 most probably is the
3-tetradeca-2,4,6,8,10-penta-enoic acid ester of ingenol. The mixture of
Euphorbia factors was shown to contain esters of ingenol and of
16-hydroxy-ingenol, respectively, each containing a long chain unsaturated
fatty acid, most probably in 3-position. The non irritants from the seed oil
comprise ingenol-20-hexadecanoate (compound L4) and several esters of
macrocyclic diterpenes of the new lathyrol type (compounds L1-L3, L8, and
possibly L7). Compound L4 is a positional isomer of Euphorbia factor L5 and
most probably an artefact formed during the isolation procedure. The
macrocyclic diterpenes are of interest as possible intermediates in the
biogenesis of tetracyclic diterpene parents of cocarcinogenic esters. The
parent alcohols ingenol and 16-hydroxy-ingenol are inactive irritants. As
compared to croton oil factor A1 (TPA), Euphorbia factor L5 exhibits about 1/10
of its irritant activity on the ear and about 1/10 of its cocarcinogenic
activity on the back skin of mice. As an irritant Euphorbia factor L6 shows
about 1/5 of the activity of A1. Structure/activity relationships of ingenol
and phorbol esters and the possible role of cocarcinogens of plant origin as
second order carcinogenic risk factors are discussed.
290: Planta Med
1975 Jun;27(4):387-94
Phytochemical study of Euphorbia
peplus.
Khafagy SM, Gharbo SA, Salam NA.
291: Planta Med 1975
Jun;27(4):301-3
[Flavonol glycosides from Euphorbia
helioscopia, E. stricta, E. verrucosa and E.
dulcis (author's transl)]
[Article in German]
Pohl R, Janistyn B, Nahrstedt A.
292: Pharmazie 1975 Jun;30(6):402-3
Spectrophotometric estimation of
individual flavone glycosides in three Euphorbia species.
Abdel-Salam NA, El-Sayed M, Khafagy SM.
Two spectrophotometric methods (conventional and
differential) are carried out for the estimation of flavone glycosides (hyperoside
and/or kaempferol-3-beta-glucoside) in Euphorbia paralias L., and Euphorbia
helioscopia L. The glycosides are extracted with methanol from the aerial parts
of the different Euphorbia species, separated on silica gel chromatoplates, and
eluted by refluxing with methanol (80%). The absorbance value (conventional
method) and the delta absorbance value (differential method) of the prepared
glycosidal solutions are measured. The results of both methods are of
conveinent reproducibility.
293: J Pharm Pharmacol
1975 May;27(5):329-33
Skin irritants of Euphorbia
fortissima.
Kinghorn AD, Evans FJ.
By means of a combination of partition and
chromatographic methods six irritant constituents were isolated from the fresh
latex of Euphorbia fortissima. Compounds A-D were di-esters of the common
parent diterpene 12-deoxyphorbol, and compounds E and F were mono-esters of the
same diterpene. The fresh latex had an irritant dose 50% (ID50) on mice of 0-64
mug mul- minus 1. Compounds A-D are short-acting irritants reaching a maximum
activity within 4 h of application to the skin, whilst the monoesters
maintained potent irritant effects for up to 24 h. Selective hydrolysis of the
di-esters at the C-20 primary ester group also produced mono-esters of greater
potency after 24 h. An increase in the length of the fatty acid located at C-13
produced greater biological activity in both the mono- and di-ester groups.
294: Acta Pol Pharm
1975;32(6):703-8
[Quercetin derivatives of Euphorbia
lucida W.K]
[Article in Polish]
Burzanska Z.
295: Contact Dermatitis
1975;1(2):128
Petty spurge (Euphorbia peplus L.).
Calnan CD.
St. John's Hospital, London, Great Britain.
296: Planta Med
1974 Sep;26(2):190-2
[Flavonol-glycosides from Euphorbia sequieriana
(author's transl)]
[Article in German]
Pohl R, Janistyn B.
297:
Z Naturforsch [C] 1974
Sep-Oct;29C(9-10):529-31
Constituents of Egyptian
euphorbiaceae. I. Triterpenoids and related substances of Euphorbia paralias.
Rizk AM, Youssef AM,
Diab MA, Salem HM.
298: Sov J Ecol 1974 Jul;4(5):373-9
Leafless euphorbia on Rajasthan rock.
Sen DN, Chawan DD.
299: Acta Pharm Suec
1974 May;11(2):185-90
Chemical examination of Euphorbia
tinctoria Boiss.
Aynehchi Y, Kiumehr N.
300: Planta Med
1974 Feb;25(1):98-9
[On the presence of
Rhamnetine in the genus Euphorbia. A correction (author's
transl)]
[Article in German]
Janistyn B, Nahrstedt A,
Pohl R.
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